What type of courts are referred to as those created by acts of the governing body of a chartered municipality?

Municipal courts are specifically established by the governing body of a chartered municipality to handle a variety of local issues, primarily violations of city ordinances and minor criminal offenses. These courts have jurisdiction over cases that arise within their respective municipalities, and they play a vital role in the local judicial system by addressing matters such as traffic violations, city code violations, and misdemeanor offenses.

The governing body’s power to create these courts is often derived from state legislation, allowing municipalities the flexibility to establish a judicial framework that caters to their specific legal and regulatory environment. This localized approach ensures that the legal proceedings are more accessible to residents and align with the community's values and needs.

In contrast, constitutional courts, superior courts, and state courts serve different levels and types of jurisdiction; they are typically established under state constitutions or laws and handle a broader spectrum of legal matters that may include significant felonies, family law, and civil cases at a higher jurisdictional level than municipal issues. Therefore, municipal courts uniquely define their establishment around local governance and community-specific regulations.