What term refers to information that identifies a person either alone or in combination with other pieces of information?

The term that best aligns with the definition provided in the question is identifying information. This phrase encompasses data that can pinpoint an individual by themselves or when combined with other details. Identifying information includes various forms of data such as names, social security numbers, addresses, and other characteristics that can establish an individual's identity.

This term is significant in contexts such as privacy laws, identity theft prevention, and data protection, where understanding what constitutes identifying information is crucial for safeguarding personal data and ensuring compliance with relevant regulations. Recognizing these elements helps in formulating effective strategies for managing and protecting sensitive information.

Personal data is a broader term, which can include identifying information but may also cover other types of data that don't necessarily pinpoint an individual directly. A consumer report refers specifically to information that relates to a consumer's creditworthiness, credit standing, or credit capacity, while security information pertains to details related to the protection of systems and data rather than identifying individuals. Thus, the specificity of identifying information makes it the most accurate choice for the question posed.